most common bit problems

Does the horse open its mouth with the bit? Does it lean on the hand or resist the feel?

Bit problems are common – but they are rarely due solely to poor riding. Often, the suitability of the bit, the anatomy of the mouth, or incorrect pressure distribution are also contributing factors.

What kinds of problems are there?

On this page, we'll go through the most common bit problems and when bit fitting can improve your horse's well-being and performance. Few behaviors or problems stem from the horse's disobedience; rather, they concretely indicate the horse's discomfort in the mouth or elsewhere in the body. On this page, we discuss the 5 most common problems reported to us by customers, as well as the measures that can be taken to investigate and correct the problem.

Please note that although many sentences discuss riding from a rider's perspective, the same problems also occur in driving.

The examples on this page are general guidelines, so if you are concerned about your horse's problems, you can request a remote consultation from us or invite us for a fitting visit. Through these methods, we can help you best.

Is the horse difficult to feel?

🦄 the horse gets tense on the contact
🦄 tosses its head
🦄 pulls behind the bit
🦄 becomes strong or disappears from the contact

Normally, the cause of these problems lies in the suitability of the bit, although naturally the rider's riding level, hand usage, and the horse's general physical condition and power production also affect things in addition to the bit.

The two most common reasons for these problems are incorrect bit pressure or a mouthpiece that is too harsh.

Is the horse restless in the mouth?

🦄 the horse opens its mouth
🦄 the horse hangs its tongue out
🦄 the horse throws its tongue over the bit

Restlessness in the mouth is quite common, but usually a relatively easy problem to fix. However, solutions are very individual per horse, but often very small fixes and adding enough variety can lead to progress.

The biggest reason for restlessness is often too hard a material, too thick a bit, and too little bit variation. For horses with restless mouths, a bit fitting visit or online fitting is the best way to correct the situation, so that we can see the horse's reactions to different pressures and mouthpieces. This is important for effective correction.

Does the horse get tense when ridden?

🦄 The horse starts to get excited already when putting on the bridle
🦄 The horse spooks, startles, is difficult to relax
🦄 The horse may even get overly excited, taking off / spurting
🦄 When ridden, the horse bolts, repeatedly gallops away from bit pressure, or refuses fences

A horse's tension is always a clear sign of a problem - in a normal situation, the excitement can be brought down relatively quickly, but if the horse does not trust the bit, relaxation cannot occur.

Often, the bit is too harsh, possibly too unstable, or the bit material may even be completely wrong.

Does the horse use a bit?

🦄 the horse mouths the bit back and forth
🦄 the horse constantly lifts the bit with its tongue when the bit is in its mouth
🦄 the horse grinds its teeth audibly during riding
🦄 the horse chews the bit when bridling or riding
🦄 the horse's first cheek teeth are worn round


Many may suspect that constant movement or mouthing of the bit is normal for every horse. Slight movement is normal, but if this occurs throughout the entire ride or drive, the matter should be investigated more thoroughly.

The most common reasons are too little variation / lack of a variety bit, the thickness of the bit, or an overly unstable bit.

DOES THE HORSE RESIST BRIDLING?

🦄 the horse chews the bit back and forth in its mouth
🦄 the horse lifts the bit with its tongue when bridling and shakes its head in the stable
🦄 the horse immediately starts chewing the bit already when it's being put on
🦄 the horse evades the bit or bridling
🦄 the horse doesn't want the bit in its mouth or tenses up because of it

When bridling, the horse should be calm and leave the bit alone when the bridle is placed in its mouth. Constant chewing, tightening of the eyes or expression, and resisting bridling are not normal. When the horse is stress-free with the bit, it will have a relaxed, content expression and will not start gnawing at the bit but will keep its lips and mouth relaxed.

ARE BITS A WELFARE ISSUE?

A horse's mouth is an extremely sensitive area, and the rider/driver must constantly be vigilant in maintaining the horse's well-being. The horse must have enough bit-free days and sufficient variety if one wishes to cherish its oral health and maintain its performance in a healthy way.

Constant discomfort can:

🦄 affect the quality of movement
🦄 increase tension
🦄 impair performance
🦄 cause long-term sensitization
🦄 cause damage or injuries
🦄 cause other concrete health problems, such as repetitive strain injuries

A horse's well-being and performance always go hand in hand. If a horse is not well, it cannot be ethically and responsibly asked to perform on behalf of a human. As horse caretakers, owners, riders, and drivers, we have a responsibility to ensure that the horse can perform correctly and healthily with its body.

How does bit fitting help a horse?

1️⃣ Oral and anatomical assessment
2️⃣ Analysis of the current bit
3️⃣ Testing different options
4️⃣ Individual recommendation
5️⃣ Follow-up if needed

Bit fitting is not based on guesswork but on a professional assessment and the individual needs of the horse. We observe horses in motion for tens of thousands of hours a year, allowing us to establish cause-and-effect relationships between various problems and solutions, and to notice potential physical issues.

frequently asked questions about bits or bit fitting?

How often should bit fitting be done?

Whenever it feels necessary. For young or rehabilitating horses, as their body and way of moving changes, it may be absolutely essential to assist various developmental stages through the bit. For adult horses, we make adjustments as needed; especially competition seasons can require a lot of different adjustments, meaning it may also be necessary or justified to perform a new fitting and situation check. We also often perform a second fitting to find a variation bit even after finding the first good bit.

Can a bit cause resistance?

Oh dear. A poorly fitting bit and resistance to it is one of the most common problems we see. Because the signs aren't "dramatically obvious" with everyone, it can be very difficult for the rider alone to figure out that the problems are caused by the bit.

Will changing the bit solve the problem?

Changing the bit does not solve all the world's problems, such as a lack of riding skill or understanding of the horse. However, for many horse-and-rider pairs, an ill-fitting bit can significantly impede communication between them, leading to major impasses that seem to have no other solution. Furthermore, as horses are very sensitive animals, people often, accidentally or unknowingly, use bits that are too harsh or inappropriate, which naturally affects the horse's health and well-being. A bit fitting often helps to clarify the situation and determine whether changing the bit will guide the horse-and-rider pair in the right direction, or if additional professional help, such as from a body care professional or a veterinarian, is needed to optimize the horse's comfort.

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